〔摘要〕专利无效宣告制度的现存不足，主要在于相关法律法规对无效宣告各类程序的期限规定不完善，行政审查和司法审理的专业性和规范化程度不足，以及无效宣告进程严重影响侵权纠纷的解决。专利无效行政审查是行政职权实现的必要方式，专利无效行政诉讼具有监督行政权力运行和保护行政行为各方主体权益的特殊功能。结合该制度的国际发展趋势，应当维持无效审查制度的基本架构，细化专利无效行政审查的程序规定，完善行政诉讼判决内容以约束无效宣告行政审查，适度放开侵权诉讼对专利有效性的审查权，补充专利无效行政诉讼再审的有关规定。

〔关键词〕专利无效审查；行政诉讼；专利复审；侵权诉讼；司法改革

Abstract:The current problems of patent invalidation institution briefly lie in the incomplete time limitation of the different patent invalidation procedures, the deficient specialty and standardization of the administrative review and the judicial hearing, and the strong impact of the invalidation procedures on the resolve of infringement lawsuits. The patent invalidation review is the necessary way to realize the executive power; the patent invalidation administrative litigation has the special functions to supervise the executive power, and to protect the all parties’ rights and interests. The check and balance system construction between the executive power and the judicial power should be maintained. According to the developing tendency of global patent invalidation system, the main specific suggestions include to detail the procedural regulations of patent invalidation review, to improve the sentence of the patent invalidation administrative litigation, to authorize the power of patent validity investigating within limits to the civil trial in infringement cases, and to complete the retrial regulations of the patent invalidation administrative cases.

Key Words:patent invalidation review; administrative litigation; patent re-examination; infringement lawsuit; judicial reform

全文载于《法律科学》2021年第1期，第149-159页。